Friday, December 17, 2004
Successful Migraine Management
Certain clinical features of headache (associated symptoms, frequency, severity, and degree of disability) are considered highly sensitive for diagnosis of migraine. According to evidence-based guidelines, matching migraine treatment to headache characteristics and degree of disability can improve clinical outcomes. Ineffective treatment can lead to medication overuse, which has been linked to progression of migraine disorder. This article presents practical, reliable treatment strategies, including appropriate use of acute-care and preventive medications.
Brain Inflammation Found in Autism
"These findings reinforce the theory that immune activation in the brain is involved in autism, although it is not yet clear whether it is destructive or beneficial, or both, to the developing brain," said senior author Carlos A. Pardo-Villamizar, M.D., at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, Maryland.
Autism is a disorder of the developing brain that appears in early childhood. It is estimated to afflict between 2 and 5 of every 1000 children and is four times more likely to strike boys than girls. Children with autism have difficulties in social interaction and communication and may show repetitive behaviors and have unusual attachments to objects or routines.
Autism has a strong genetic component, and in some families, autism tends to be more prevalent. In identical twins with autism both are usually affected. However, the number of children with autism appears to be increasing more than expected for a genetic disorder. This suggests to scientists that genetic abnormalities require the influence of other factors to cause the disorder. Birth complications, toxins, diet, and viruses and other pathogens have been suggested, though there is no strong evidence for any of these.
In recent years, there have been scientific hints of immune system irregularities in children with autism, but not all studies have confirmed this. Pardo and his colleagues sought a more definitive answer by looking not at the immune system overall, but at immune components inside the relatively sealed environment of the nervous system.
Led by first author Diana L. Vargas, MD, a post-doctoral fellow working in Pardo's laboratory, the researchers examined brain tissue from 11 people with autism, aged 5 to 44 years, who had died of accidents or injuries.
Compared with normal control brains, the brains of the people with autism featured immune system activation and inflammation in the brain.
"This ongoing inflammatory process was present in different areas of the brain and produced by cells known as microglia and astroglia," said Pardo.
When the researchers measured brain levels of immune system proteins called cytokines and chemokines, they found abnormal patterns consistent with inflammation.
"The pattern of cellular and protein findings indicate that they are part of the 'innate' immune system in the brain, and do not appear to be caused by immune abnormalities from outside the brain," said Pardo.
The findings in the brain tissue were corroborated by studies of cerebrospinal fluid obtained from six children with autism (ages 5 to 12 years), in which cytokines that promote inflammation were found to be elevated.
It is conceivable that signs of inflammation in the cerebrospinal fluid could one day be used to diagnose autism, or even that doctors could treat inflammation to prevent or combat autism, however this is still speculative, according to Andrew W. Zimmerman, a pediatric neurologist at the Kennedy-Krieger Institute in Baltimore and co-author of the paper. For one thing, it is possible that the inflammation represents the brain's efforts to combat some other process damaging to brain cells.
"These findings open new possibilities for understanding the dynamic changes that occur in the brain of autistic patients during childhood and adulthood. Although they may lend themselves to development of new medical treatments for autism, much more research would be needed to establish the validity of this approach," said Pardo.
Among the next steps in this line of research, Pardo and colleagues are studying how the genetic background of patients and families may influence the development of immunological reactions in the brain that confer susceptibility to autism.
SOURCE: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Wednesday, December 08, 2004
Virtual Knee Surgery: Take on the role of the Surgeon throughout a total knee replacement surgery. There is a Flash presentation that you can perform - and photos of an actual knee replacement operation (not for the weak of stomach).
Monday, December 06, 2004
On 1st May 2001 Professor Malcolm Hooper and Sally Montague produced a paper entitled “Concerns about the forthcoming UK Chief Medical Officer’s Report on Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME) and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), notably the intention to advise clinicians that only limited investigations are necessary”
WASHINGTON (Reuters) -- A next-generation leukemia pill designed to help patients not cured by the successful drug Gleevec works even better than doctors had hoped, researchers said Sunday.
The new drug, made by Bristol-Myers Squibb put 86 percent of patients who tried it into remission -- meaning signs of their cancer disappeared, the researchers said.
Sunday, December 05, 2004
The key, say some researchers, is to outsmart your body, which, as you age, is busy half-forming or damaging your cells, rather than creating healthy new cells resistant to cancer, rapid aging, and other ills. These cells are damaged by 'free radicals,' a very reactive and unstable atom or groups of atoms with an odd, unpaired number of electrons. When free radicals bang into DNA in your cells, they can damage it, leading to bad cell behavior such as cancer."
Friday, November 26, 2004
While hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may continue to play a role in managing menopausal symptoms such as hot flushes, many women are seeking alternative therapies out of concern of increased health risks reported by the Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study Follow-up (HERS II) and the Women's Health Initiative (WHI).
Wednesday, November 24, 2004
Tuesday, November 23, 2004
The Prostate Health Web Site Editorial Board is composed of academic urologist, private prcatice urologists, prominent primary care physicians, as well as radiologists. It is out hope that this site will inform, educate and stimulate discussions. All records will be kept private and confidential.
Friday, November 05, 2004
Babies survive the period immediately after birth by feeding on the content of their own cells, research suggests.
Monday, November 01, 2004
Canada’s Adverse Drug Reaction Database uses data collected from 1965 to Sept. 30, 2003, and contains information from all adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports currently held in Health Canada's CADRIS database.
Saturday, October 30, 2004
Over the last few years many have worn the ribbons but few have any idea what is going on in AIDS research, that HIV and AIDS are now seen as two distinct problems or that we now know the disease probably first appeared in the 1930's but science dealt with the symptoms, not the cause.
And it began when people started eating infected monkeys.
I don't know how to break it to those that think pork and shellfish are wrong to eat- I would say judging by the results- eating monkeys is far more dangerous.
Anyway, check out the site as a whole. You'll learn how the AIDS stats are come up with, and facts. Not internet rumor mongering- although to be fair- they do mention some of the more popular whacko theories- like AIDS being man made and such rubbish.
Friday, October 29, 2004
Thursday, September 23, 2004
PubMed, a service of the National Library of Medicine, includes over 15 million citations for biomedical articles back to the 1950's. These citations are from MEDLINE and additional life science journals. PubMed includes links to many sites providing full text articles and other related resources.
Great site for searching.
Wednesday, September 22, 2004
"I enjoy every minute with this challenging game. Every level is not one, but three challenges! The first challenge is to solve each level, which is both fun and frustrating. Then there are two more challenges waiting for me: Can I make it in fewer moves to earn silver or even gold? And this is only playing in puzzle mode!"
Get Jig Jag! Gold Now - it's risk-free with our 2 Month Unconditional Full Refund Guarantee. Buy it, and if you're not totally happy, keep it and we'll give you your money back. The only risk is if you don't buy it you'll never know how much fun you missed out on!
Monday, September 20, 2004
Sunday, September 19, 2004
Friday, September 17, 2004
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) Sept 16 - Treatment with pravastatin reduces the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with or at risk for heart disease and concomitant chronic kidney disease (CKD), according to a report in the September 21st issue of Circulation"
Wednesday, September 15, 2004
Sept. 9, 2004 — Oral erythromycin alone doubles the risk of sudden cardiac death, but when combined with the antihypertensives diltiazem or verapamil, the risk rises fivefold, according to the results of a study published in the Sept. 9 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
The community is spreading the word about Firefox. Millions of people are already using Firefox and helping us chip away at Internet Explorer's marketshare. More than 80,000 websites already link to the Firefox page, with an additional 200,000 linking to mozilla.org. The buzz about Firefox was too hot for the blogosphere and has consumed the mainstream press: this month alone, Firefox has been declared officially "Wired" (IE? "Expired"), USA Today is recommending that its readers use Firefox, and Walt Mossberg, perhaps the most influential tech writer in the US, is telling Wall Street Journal readers that, if you're worried about security, Firefox is a good way to go.
PLEASE NOTE--I have been using this browser now for many months and it does everything AND more that you will ever need in your browser.ITS FANTASTIC
Tony
Friday, September 10, 2004
n the February issue of Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, researchers A. Richardson and B. Puri reported the results of their pilot study on the effects of essential fatty-acid supplementation on 41 learning-disabled boys and girls (aged 8-12) with symptoms of dyslexia and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Thursday, September 09, 2004
Wednesday, September 08, 2004
Monday, August 30, 2004
Sunday, August 29, 2004
Thursday, August 19, 2004
Thursday, August 12, 2004
Professors Ravinder Maini and Marc Feldmann, both of the Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology Division, Imperial College School of Medicine, will receive the Crafoord Prize on 18 September at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences."
Wednesday, August 11, 2004
une 21, 2004 — Atorvastatin has a modest but clinically apparent benefit for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), according to the results of a randomized trial published in the June 19 issue of The Lancet. The commentator suggests that these results support its use for this indication.
"HMG-CoA (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarylcoenzyme A) reductase inhibitors (statins) mediate clinically significant vascular risk reduction in patients without inflammatory disease and might have immunomodulatory function," write Iain B. McInnes, MRCP, PhD, and colleagues from the Glasgow Royal Infirmary, University of Glasgow in the U.K. "Statins therefore have a plausible bioactivity profile in vitro and in vivo that makes them possible therapeutic agents in rheumatoid arthritis to target both vascular risk and synovial inflammation."
In this trial, 116 patients with RA were randomized to receive 40 mg daily of either atorvastatin or placebo in addition to disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) therapy.
At six months, change in Disease Activity Score (DAS28) improved on atorvastatin (-0.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.75 to -0.25) compared with placebo (0.03; 95% CI, -0.23 to 0.28; difference between groups, -0.52; 95% CI, -0.87 to -0.17; P = .004). In the atorvastatin group, 18 (31%) of 58 patients achieved the coprimary endpoint of DAS28-European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) response, as did six (10%) of 58 in the placebo group (odds ratio, 3.9; 95% CI, 1.42-10.72; P = .006).
Compared with placebo, C-reactive protein (CRP) decreased by 50% in the atorvastatin group (P < .001), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) decreased by 28% (P = .005). Swollen joint count also decreased more in the atorvastatin group (-2.69 vs. -0.53; mean difference, -2.16; 95% CI, -3.67 to -0.64; P = .006). Both groups had similar frequency of adverse events.
Study limitations include the heterogeneous background of DMARD use, which allowed the possibility of statin-DMARD interactions that could confound outcomes, more patients receiving methotrexate in the atorvastatin group, small study group, and direct effects of statins on hepatic CRP synthesis, which could exaggerate the impression of disease modification.
"Although not indicative for first line use, this effect of atorvastatin could prove beneficial in the context of DMARD combination design, in which a statin offers both vascular protective and adjunctive immune modulatory potential," the authors write. "Whereas existing DMARD therapy might partly reverse vascular risk, our findings suggest that statins can work to reduce traditional and novel vascular risk factors."
Some of the authors report various financial arrangements with Pfizer.
In an accompanying commentary, Lars Klareskog, MD, PhD, and Anders Hamsten, MD, PhD, FRCP, from the Karolinska Institute in Sweden note caveats that should be considered before statins can be recommended for RA in clinical practice. The observed efficacy in this study was marginal compared with both conventional DMARDs and novel biological compounds. The effects of statins on the immune and inflammatory systems are still unknown, and there are no long-term safety data on patients with inflammatory diseases.
"Although of limited size and short-term, their findings support the use of atorvastatin, and presumably of other statins, to prevent cardiovascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis," the editorialists write. "Needless to say, more work is needed to define the long-term effects on inflammatory diseases and cardiovascular comorbidities, and to expand the basic understanding of how various statins affect the immune system."
Lancet. 2004;363:2011-2012, 2015-2021
Monday, July 26, 2004
Pentagon pays millions for new, better bandages made from a carb found in seafood
By JOHN W. GONZALEZ
Copyright 2004 Houston Chronicle
FORT SAM HOUSTON -- 'Do not eat,' the package clearly states, even though the contents are usually found in seafood."
Monday, July 19, 2004
Saturday, July 17, 2004
WASHINGTON (Reuters) Jul 14 - Community strains of MRSA are affecting athletes, prisoners and small children in growing numbers across the United States, infectious disease experts said on Wednesday.
Monday, July 12, 2004
Friday, July 09, 2004
Asperger's syndrome was first described by a German doctor, Hans Asperger, in 1944 (one year after Leo Kanner's first paper on autism). In his paper, Dr. Asperger discussed individuals who exhibited many idiosyncratic, odd-like behaviors (see description below).
Wednesday, June 30, 2004
The importance of treating dyslipidemias based on cardiovascular risk factors is highlighted by the National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines. The first step in evaluation is to exclude secondary causes of hyperlipidemia. Assessment of the patient's risk for coronary heart disease helps determine which treatment should be initiated and how often lipid analysis should be performed
Wednesday, June 23, 2004
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) Jun 22 - Migraine is known to be an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke. In a new study, researchers have discovered a possible link at the cellular level for the two conditions.
Monday, June 21, 2004
London | June 21, 2004 2:44:37 PM IST
Tears could help provide a breakthrough in finding an effective diagnosis for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS).
According to a study in British Journal of Ophthalmology, this highly infectious respiratory virus has been found in tears ,which suggests ,that analysing tears could help researchers unravel many mysteries associated with the virus including the unrecognised source of its spread."
Thursday, June 17, 2004
Wednesday, June 09, 2004
Monday, May 03, 2004
Friday, April 23, 2004
Thursday, April 15, 2004
Laurie Barclay, MD
April 8, 2004 — Lutein improves visual function in patients with age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), according to the results of the randomized, double-masked Lutein Antioxidant Supplementation Trial (LAST), published in the April issue of Optometry.
"Low intake of lutein, the primary dietary carotenoid xanthophyll pigment responsible for macula pigment optical density (MPOD) in primates, is a major risk factor for advanced ARMD," write Stuart Richer, OD, PhD, from the VAMC Eye Clinic in North Chicago, Illinois, and colleagues
Thursday, April 08, 2004
Autism is a complex developmental disability that typically appears during the first three years of
life. The result of a neurological disorder that affects the functioning of the brain, autism
impacts the normal development of the brain in the areas of social interaction and
communication skills. Children and adults with autism typically have difficulties in verbal and
non-verbal communication, social interactions, and leisure or play activities.
Monday, March 15, 2004
Blindness Common from Uveitis
Background: Uveitis is inflammation of the part of the eye called the uvea. Loss of vision with this disease usually is due to low grade but chronic inflammation. There is typically very slow damage to the macula, which is responsible for fine central vision.
Blindness Common from Uveitis
Background: Uveitis is inflammation of the part of the eye called the uvea. Loss of vision with this disease usually is due to low grade but chronic inflammation. There is typically very slow damage to the macula, which is responsible for fine central vision.
Wednesday, March 10, 2004
Introduction
Hot flashes are one of the most bothersome problems for many menopausal women and breast cancer survivors. They are described as transient occurrences of flushing and extreme warmth, often in conjunction with palpitations and anxiousness, followed by profuse sweating and occasionally chills and shaking.[1,2] The frequency, duration, and intensity of hot flashes vary. In the majority of women, they are prevalent during the first two years of menopause.[2] While the exact pathogenesis of hot flashes has not been fully established, hot flashes are vasomotor symptoms thought to originate within the anterior hypothalamus and are associated with a lack of thermoregulation due to estrogen withdrawal.[3] A relationship also seems to exist between the onset of hot flashes and the release of luteinizing hormone, though hot flashes have been reported in patients with diminished or absent levels of this hormone. Other theories suggest that, in addition to estrogen withdrawal, other centrally acting mediators (i.e., 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol [a metabolite of norepinephrine], dopamine, and serotonin) may be responsible for or associated with the development of hot flashes.[5,6]
Tuesday, March 02, 2004
HealthDayNews -- Wavefront-guided LASIK provides much improved contrast sensitivity compared with standard LASIK, says an Israeli study in the March issue of Ophthalmology.
Contrast sensitivity refers to the eyes' ability to detect subtle shades of gray between an object and its background.
In this study, 24 eyes of 13 people were treated with wavefront-guided LASIK and 22 eyes of 12 people were treated with standard LASIK. "
Monday, March 01, 2004
There is a palpable buzz here at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, California that something wonderful is about to happen in the exploration of Mars.
Images
In a small patch of Martian soil, scientists see spheres and fragmented pebbles, sand grains and finer material, and a range of colors suggesting different compositions.
Several images from Opportunity's microscopic camera were stitched together to reveal BB-sized spherical objects on the Martian soil. Credit: NASA/JPL
Opportunity made this close-up images of spherules embedded in the wall of a trench it dug with one wheel. These spheres are more reflective than those previously found on the Martian surface.
More Stories
Water on Mars? Flood of Data, Trickle of Answers
Opportunity Photographs Sunset on Mars
Mars Rocks! Eclectic Music Moves Rover Mission
Mars Rovers Explore Hints of Salty Water
Complete Coverage of the Mars Rover Expeditions"
Monday, February 23, 2004
Home � EnviroHealth �
The Ice Age Cometh
By Thom Hartmann, Thomhartmann.com
February 1, 2004
While global warming is being officially ignored by the political arm of the Bush administration, and Al Gore's recent conference on the topic during one of the coldest days of recent years provided joke fodder for conservative talk show hosts, the citizens of Europe and the Pentagon are taking a new look at the greatest danger such climate change could produce for the northern hemisphere � a sudden shift into a new ice age. What they're finding is not at all comforting. "
Wednesday, February 18, 2004
Selected patients with ischemic stroke of up to 9 hours in duration can benefit from desmoteplase, an investigational agent derived from the saliva of the vampire bat, according to a new study. The drug may not confer quite the same immortality attributed to the bat's bite, but it appears to result in cerebral reperfusion beyond the current 3-hour therapeutic window of tissue plasminogen activator (TPA).
Thursday, February 12, 2004
Monday, February 02, 2004
Background: Cataracts are a dime-a-dozen. They cause clouding of the lens of the eye. And it is hard to see through a cloud, even a light one. This is the voice of experience talking (as indicated below.)"
Friday, January 30, 2004
Selective COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) ligands show similar efficacy to marketed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (which act at both COX isoforms) but with a reduced side-effect profile, in particular in terms of gastro-intestinal (GI) effects. Marketed drugs such as celecoxib (Celebrex), valdecoxib (Bextra) and rofecoxib (Vioxx) are used to treat pain and inflammatory disease associated with arthritis.
Thursday, January 29, 2004
Wednesday, January 28, 2004
As more men under 70 are diagnosed with prostate cancer, some wonder if they really need to take action against it
Your Pregnancy
WEEK BY WEEK
The content below was selected by the WebMD Editorial staff and is solely under WebMD's editorial control.
Get pictures and facts about baby, invaluable tips, and information about your pregnancy week by week.
Monday, January 26, 2004
RSD UK is a voluntary non-profit making organisation which was set up to give support to those concerned with Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy/Complex Regional Pain Syndrome, often abbrevieated to RSD, CRPS type I or CRPS type II. You may also have been given the diagnosis of Sudecks Atrophy, Causalgia, Allodynia, Hand Shoulder Syndrome and many more."
Is a cortisone injection merely a pain reliever or temporary remedy?
For what conditions are cortisone injections used?
What are the advantages of cortisone injections?
What are the disadvantages and side effects of cortisone injections?
Are there special advantages in using cortisone injections for joint inflammation (arthritis)?
Are there special side effects that can occur with cortisone joint injections?
How are cortisone injections of soft tissues given?
How are cortisone injections of a joint given?
'I've always heard that cortisone injections are painful? Are they?' "
Bursitis is inflammation of a bursa. A bursa is a tiny fluid-filled sac that functions as a gliding surface to reduce friction between tissues of the body. There are 160 bursae in the body. The major bursae are located adjacent to the tendons near the large joints, such as the shoulders, elbows, hips, and knees.
Friday, January 23, 2004
Similar efficacy and safety is seen among the various intranasal sprays in the treatment of rhinitis and, therefore, differences in cost, palatability and frequency of use may determine prescription preferability, say researchers.